Who rational drug use indicators. These indicators are grouped in to three categories namely: prescribing indicators, patient care indicators and facility indicators. ”[] The consequences of irrational drug use include polypharmacy, increased use of branded drugs, increased drug costs per Mar 28, 2024 · Methods . No review has been done that systematically expresses rational drug use practice based on the three WHO core drug use indicators in Ethiopia. ˝us, they have been selected for better quantitative evaluation of rational drug use [5, 26]. 8 (SD 0. The IRDP was calculated for all health centers by adding the index values of all prescribing indicators. The WHO developed core medication use indicators consisting of prescription indicators intended with an aim to assess the services provided to the population concerning medications Oct 27, 2021 · Assessment of drug use pattern is used to identify gaps in medicine utilisation to implement strategies for promoting rational drug use. Drug Healthc Patient Saf. 28%, percent encounters with antibiotics was 73. Design: A cross-sectional study was conducted using WHO drug use Keywords: Rational drug use, WHO indicators, Patient care, Health facility, Pediatrics, Pakistan INTRODUCTION World Health Organization defines rational use of drugs as; Patients receive . Core drug use indicators are more informative and feasible, less likely to uctuate over time and place, and provide a sim-ple tool for quickly and reliably assessing drug use than complementary indicators. Based on the IRDP values, the PHCCs were ranked from 1 to 10 (rank 1 for the higher IRDP value Oct 28, 2021 · Keywords: Prescribing indicators, Rational drug use, International network on rational use of drugs (INRUD), Sri Lanka, Private sector pharmacies Background Health care quality is the degree to which health care services provided by an institution improves desired outcomes. | Guideline. Oct 14, 2015 · 2. Measured values could be Jun 2, 2023 · The aim of this study was to assess rational drug use based on the World Health Organization (WHO) and the International Network for Rational Use of Drugs (INRUD) core drug use indicators. Focused drug use evaluation (drug utilization review) can be done to identify problems concerning the use of specific medicines or the treatment of specific diseases, particularly in hospitals. Design A cross Feb 19, 2021 · To improve the overall drug use practices, international agencies like the World Health Organization (WHO) and the International Network for the rational use of drugs (INRUD) have developed, standardized and evaluated several indicators, despite the complexity of drug use. Keywords: WHO/INRUD core drug use indicators, essential medicines lists, rational drug use, primary healthcare center. Jan 16, 2020 · Background . Oct 20, 2023 · Evaluation of drug use patterns with the WHO core drug use indicators is showing progressively more essential to promote rational drug use in developing countries. 1 The World health organization (WHO) concluded that a rational use of drugs requires that patients receive medications appropriate to their clinical needs, in doses that meet their own individual requirements for an adequate period of time Oct 28, 2021 · Background Identification of internationally comparable indicators of medicines use are important for a country to implement strategies and regulations to improve usage of medicines. Finally, the Index of Rational Drug Use Nov 2, 2023 · Background: The global issue of irrational drug use, particularly concerning pediatric patients, is a significant concern. Aug 19, 2022 · The optimal index for all the indicators is one. Oct 31, 2022 · This type of study is imperative to bridge the areas such as rational use of drugs, pharmaco economics, antimicrobial stewardship and evidence-based medicine. ). 180 prescriptions were Dec 2, 2021 · WHO, in collaboration with the International Network for Rational Use of Drugs (INRUD), developed a set of indicators to investigate drug use in health facilities known as Core Drug Use Indicators. ” The core drug use indicators have come to be recognized as “objective measures that can describe the drug use situation in a country, region or individual health facility. A mean of 2. Rational Use of Medicines: Summary of activities. The World Health Organization estimates that more than half of all medicines are prescribed, dispensed, or sold inappropriately and that half of all patients fail to take them correctly. 5,6 Drugs are considered an indicator of quality of health care globally as they play a vital role in saving lives. 1 It encompasses rational prescribing (good diagnosis practice and good prescribing practice, ie, the process of safe, effective, and economical ordering of drugs for the benefit of the patient), rational dispensing (the Jul 3, 2021 · the Index of Rational Drug Prescribing (IRDP). Feb 23, 2017 · Among which, the core drug use indicators have been considered as the first line indicators validated by WHO for measurement of drug use. Objective Inappropriate use of medicine is a global challenge with greater impact on developing countries. In this selection process you will have to consult your pharmacology textbook, Dec 8, 2016 · Background Proper utilization of medicines is a critical component of pharmaceutical care plan. 7 The World Health Organization (WHO) has developed prescribing, healt Feb 21, 1993 · How to investigate drug use in health facilities: selected drug use indicators. 9 Accordingly, core prescribing, patient care and facility indicators Oct 28, 2021 · Sri Lanka established a new National Medicines Regulatory Authority in 2015 and this survey evaluated the medication use indicators in Sri Lanka, according to the International Network on Rational Use of Drugs (INRUD), prior to its implementation. Therefore, both health centers should work towards promoting the rational use of medicines. It is made available under a CC-BY-NC-ND 4. Contents • Definition of RDU • Factors that raised the RDU • Factors influencing use of medicines • Types of irrational use Diagnosis Prescription Dispensing • Hazards of irrational use of drugs • Role of pharmacist in RDU • Methods for development of RDU Drug use indicators Drug and therapeutics committee Standard treatment guidelines Pharmacovigilance Pharmaceutical care Jan 1, 2019 · Drug utilization research with the WHO drug use indicators is becoming increasingly necessary to promote rational medicine use and to identify problems related to medicine use especially in WHO standard indicators of rational drug use, this study analysed 550 prescriptions from 20 health facilities at different levels throughout Hadramout governorate, Yemen. May 13, 2020 · The present study aimed to assess the rational use of drug use using World Health Organization (WHO) prescribing and patient care indicators in a tertiary care hospital. These indicators measure the performance of drug use in 3 major areas: prescribing practices; patient care; and facility-specific factors. Irrational use of drugs is often observed in health-care systems throughout the world, particularly in developing countries. WHO drug use indicators (Box 1) can be used to iden- tify general prescribing and quality of care problems at primary health care facilities. WHO advocates 12 key interventions to promote more rational use: Establishment of a multidisciplinary national body to coordinate policies on medicine use. This study aimed to measure the drug prescribing performance of primary health care centres in Eastern province, Saudi Arabia, using the WHO/International Network of Rational Use of Drugs core drug prescribing indicators. • Promoting the rational use of drugs (medicines), in collaboration with the International Network for the Rational Use of Drugs (INRUD) coordinated by Management Sciences for Health, USA. Mar 15, 2020 · programs and activities promoting the rational use of drugs are the key interventions suggested at all the health facilities. 7 The World Health Organization (WHO) has developed prescribing Jul 27, 2021 · Irrational use of drugs is often observed in countries with weak health care systems. Aug 19, 2022 · Introduction. Therefore, the Dec 2, 2021 · WHO, in collaboration with the International Network for Rational Use of Drugs (INRUD), developed a set of indicators to investigate drug use in health facilities known as Core Drug Use Indicators. Rational drug-use evaluation based on World Health Organization core drug-use indicators in a tertiary referral hospital, Northeast Ethiopia: a cross-sectional Study. Notably, there has been a lack of studies assessing rational drug prescribing for pediatric patients within Afghanistan's healthcare system. 0 International license. The core drug use indicators are more informative, more feasible, less likely to fluctuate over time and place as well as easier to measure drug use than the complementary indicators [4, 5]. S237021. Jul 20, 2020 · The study was aimed to evaluate rational drug use based on WHO-core drug use indicators in Dilchora referral hospital, Dire Dawa; Hiwot Fana specialized university hospital, Harar and Karamara Using WHO standard indicators of rational drug use, this study analysed 550 prescriptions from 20 health facilities at different levels throughout Hadramout governorate, Yemen. Rational drug use means that patients get medications suitable to their medical needs, in the right doses, for a suitable period of time, at the cheapest cost []. 2) drugs were prescribed per prescription, with a low rate of prescribing drugs by generic name (39. 2020 Jan 16:12:15-21. Drugs are very significant components of any healthcare system and should be used rationally. Citation 23 – Citation 28 However, the studies showed a difference in practice of rational drug use, and to the authors knowledge, the literatures have not been examined The indicators measure performance in three related areas of “prescribing practices, patient care, and facility-specific factors. doi: 10. They are called core drug use indicators. Dec 24, 2021 · The WHO developed core drug use indicators that are used as measurement tools for identifying and analyzing and promoting rational use of medicines in developing countries. It teaches you how to choose the drugs that you are going to prescribe regularly and with which you will become familiar, called P(ersonal)-drugs. Feb 15, 2019 · To investigate the rational use of drugs, the WHO in collaboration with the International Network for Rational Use of Drugs developed a set of “core drug use indicators. Jun 21, 2021 · Prescribing indicators: From a total of 2595 prescribed medicines, 94% of them were prescribed by generic name; percent encounters with injection was 9. Assessment of drug use pattern is used to identify gaps in medicine utilisation to implement strategies for promoting rational drug use. These indicators are grouped in to three categories namely: prescribing indicators, patient care indicators and facility indi Jun 21, 2021 · According to the WHO/INRUD core drug use indicators, rational medicine use is not achieved in terms of most components of the prescribing, patient care, and facility-specific indicators. Rational use of medicine (RUM) is an essential element in achieving quality of health care for patients and the community. Rational drug prescribing is the use of the minimum number of drugs to obtain the best possible effect in the shortest period at a reasonable cost. ” This communication focuses on Jun 25, 2021 · Background: Rational drug use requires that patients receive and take medication appropriately. , drugs), which endangers the patient to poor treatment outcomes. Apr 18, 2021 · Mamo DB, Alemu BK. Establishment of drug and therapeutics committees in districts and hospitals. Jan 31, 2022 · Introduction. The Index of Rational Drug Prescribing (IRDP) was calculated for all OPDs by adding the index values of all prescribing indicators. Sri Lanka established a new National Medicines Regulatory Authority in 2015 and this survey evaluated the medication use indicators in Sri Lanka, according to the International Network on Rational Use of Drugs Feb 23, 2017 · Background: Despite the complexity of drug use, a number of indicators have been developed, standardized and evaluated by the World Health Organization (WHO). The study was aimed to evaluate rational drug use based on WHO-core drug use indicators in Dilchora Jun 25, 2021 · Rational drug use requires that patients receive and take medication appropriately. and complementary drug use indicators [1]. Sep 22, 2016 · The optimal index for all indicators was set as 1. Nov 2, 2023 · Evaluating drug utilization practices based on WHO guidelines is increasingly crucial to encourage rational drug use in developing nations [6,7]. As the value of the optimal index is closer to one, the more rational the medicine use indicator. Finally, the Index of Rational Drug Use (IRDU) was calculated for all hospitals by adding up the total of IRDP, IRPCDU and IRFSDU. Before implementing any measures to promote rational prescribing, it is essential to understand and quantify the existing drug utilization patterns. Jul 27, 2021 · In Ethiopia, several fragmented studies have been conducted to investigate the practice of rational drug use in health care facilities using WHO drug use indicators. This study aimed to assess drug use pattern using the WHO drug use indicators in selected general hospitals in Tigray region, Ethiopia. 2 Essential medicines are those that satisfy the priority healthcare needs of the Jan 8, 2022 · The study was aimed to evaluate rational drug use based on WHO-core drug use indicators in Dilchora referral hospital, Dire Dawa; Hiwot Fana specialized university hospital, Harar and Karamara Nov 28, 2023 · In the 1990′s, WHO in collaboration with the International Network of Rational Use of Drugs (INRUD) developed standard indicators to evaluate drug use practices at healthcare centers [Citation 10]. We conducted a cross-sectional study to assess the rational use of medicines. ” The indicators measure performance in three related areas of prescribing practices, patient care, and facility-specific factors. Then, the Index of Rational Patient-Care Drug Use (IRPCDU) and the Index of Rational Facility- Specific Drug Use (IRFSDU) were calculated. 5±0. Jun 19, 2020 · 1. 1 It encompasses rational prescribing (good diagnosis practice and good prescribing practice, ie, the process of safe, effective, and economical ordering of drugs for the benefit of the Feb 23, 2017 · Background Despite the complexity of drug use, a number of indicators have been developed, standardized and evaluated by the World Health Organization (WHO). The WHO defines rational use of medicine as providing the right medicine, for the right patient at the right dose, for the right duration and at the lowest possible cost to them and their community []. Rational drug use (RDU) is the process of appropriate prescribing, dispensing, and patient use of drugs for diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of diseases. Though the process of diagnosis and pharmaceutical care is complex, World Health Organization (WHO)/international network for rational use of drugs (INRUD) core drug use indicators investigate drug use to minimize the hazardous effect of the drug and enhance the wise use of scares resources. 2020;12:15. 35%, and 100% of medicines were prescribed from the essential medicine list of Ethiopia. Oct 27, 2021 · WHO drug use indicators are used to evaluate rational drug use at all levels in the chain of medicine utilisation (facility, clinician, pharmacist and patient) using highly standardised indicators developed by WHO Action Program on Essential Drugs and International Network for Rational Use of Drugs to be used for drug use evaluations without Dec 8, 2016 · The optimal index for all indicators was set as 1. Background. Sep 14, 2023 · Purpose: Rational drug use (RDU) promotes safe, efficient, and cost-effective utilization of medicines in hospital settings. This course teaches the investigation of medicine use in primary health care and how to promote rational use of medicines by providers. In a retrospective cohort study 10 health centres were selected using systematic random sampling. Appropriate use of drugs is one essential element in achieving quality of health and medical care for patients and the community as a whole. Patients and Methods: This prospective, descriptive, hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted among patients attending the Outpatient Department of Mar 19, 2021 · Rational use of essential medicines can prevent, treated, or alleviated most leading causes of death and disability in developing countries including Ethiopia. We used the standard indicators derived from the methodologies of the World Health Organization (WHO) and International Network for Rational Use of Drugs (INRUD). Mar 1, 2014 · Introduction. The Index of Rational Drug Prescribing (IRDP) was calculated for all healthcare centers by adding the index values of all prescribing indicators . For the Network of Rational Use of Drugs) developed drug use indi-cators to be used as measures of performance in three general areas related to the rational use of drugs in primary care. As per the World Health Organization (WHO), rational use of drugs is described “as a state in which medications are received by patients appropriately according to their clinical needs and individual requirements, for an adequate period at the lowest cost. Methods This was a descriptive, non-experimental and cross-sectional study. 85±0. Thus, this study was aimed to review systematically the prescribing, health-facility, and patient-care indicators Jan 16, 2020 · Rational Drug-Use Evaluation Based on World Health Organization Core Drug-Use Indicators in a Tertiary Referral Hospital, Northeast Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study Drug Healthc Patient Saf . Jun 25, 2021 · Though the process of diagnosis and pharmaceutical care is complex, World Health Organization (WHO)/international network for rational use of drugs (INRUD) core drug use indicators investigate drug use to minimize the hazardous effect of the drug and enhance the wise use of scares resources. Though originally developed to assess drug use patterns in primary healthcare centers, these indicators have been used at tertiary healthcare Irrational use of drugs on top of the above concerns will immensely aggravate the inadequacy of medical supplies (i. The values closer to 1 indicated rational drug use. Sep 14, 2023 · Rational drug use (RDU) promotes safe, efficient, and cost-effective utilization of medicines in hospital settings. The aim of this study was to assess rational drug use based on the World Health Organization (WHO) and the International Network for Rational Use of Drugs (INRUD) core drug use indicators. This WHO core drug use indicators are prescribing, patient care, and health facility indicators . Use of clinical guidelines. 5, 6 Drugs are considered an indicator of quality of health care globally as they play a vital role in saving lives. rational prescribing. To advocate RDU, members of the International Network for Rational Use of Drugs (INRUD) and the WHO introduced drug use prescribing indicators. e. To achieve this objective the WHO in collaboration with the International Network of Ra-tional Use of Drugs (INRUD) has developed core drug use indicators to evaluate and compare practices in health care settings, which includes indicators on pre-scribing, patients-care and health care facilities [12]. The values closer to 1 indicated rational drug use and vice versa. 27. Moreover, a rank was assigned to each hospital based on the IRDU value. Development and use of national essential medicines list. 21 February 1993. The aim of this study was to assess drug use pattern at ten primary healthcare centers (PHCCs) of the Bahawalpur district of the Punjab province of Pakistan by employing the WHO/INRUD core drug use indicators. 2147/DHPS. 1 To researchers’ knowledge, no studies were performed in Egypt measuring the use of drugs. Nov 27, 2020 · One method to promote rational drug use is the assessment of drug prescribing patterns based on drug use indicators. Jul 27, 2021 · Rational use of essential medicines can prevent, treated, or alleviated most leading causes of death and disability in developing countries including Ethiopia. Jan 16, 2020 · Rational drug use (RDU) is the process of appropriate prescribing, dispensing, and patient use of drugs for diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of diseases. Jan 16, 2020 · Introduction. This section explains the principles of drug selection and how to use them in practice. 2%). 2) drugs were prescribed Sep 1, 2021 · The main aim of drug utilization research (DUR) is to enable a rational use of the drug, as per the diagnosis of the ailment, and whether the patient is treated with correct medication with the right dose and dosage form for an adequate period or entire drug dose course and at the lowest cost [2]. hljnvpocuiqticrzdmreuqrmxkkwpchlftoymbkdokklnddavjk